Author: organic fertilizer production line

Process and equipment for processing commercial organic fertilizer using crop straw

(1) Production and processing of plant residues and refined organic fertilizer manufacturing process

Using plant residues to refine organic fertilizers is the simplest method for plant organic fertilizers manufacturing process. First, the plant residues are crushed into materials less than 3 cm with a semi-dry grinder, and then according to the nutritional requirements of fermenting microorganisms (generally inoculated with high temperature bacteria), a variety of plant residues are compounded into culture materials, inoculated with microorganisms, and passed through Auxiliary heating can produce a lot of heat within 4-5 days of fermentation, so that a large amount of water in the raw materials can be evaporated, quickly deodorized, quickly dehydrated, low energy consumption, low production cost and economic. However, this organic fertilizer has a low degree of fermentation and maturity, and once it is wet with water, it can easily cause rancidity or worms.

(2) Production and processing of bio-organic fertilizer after fermentation of plant residues

Bio-organic fertilizer refers to organic materials formed by specific functional micro-bovines (such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solving bacteria, potassium-releasing bacteria, etc.) and harmlessly processed and decomposed animal and plant residues (such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straws, etc.) A compound type of fertilizer with microbial fertilizer and organic fertilizer effect. The essential feature of bio-organic fertilizer is that it contains higher organic matter and microorganisms with specific work and specific functions. The contained microorganisms exhibit certain fertilizer effects, such as improving soil fertility, fixing nitrogen in the air, assisting crops to absorb nutrients, activating insoluble plant nutrients in the soil for crop absorption, etc., or producing multiple active substances or resisting pathogenic bacteria Substances have a good stimulating and regulating effect on crop growth, reduce or reduce the occurrence of crop diseases and insect pests, and improve the quality of agricultural products.

Compared with ordinary organic fertilizers, the production technology content of bio-organic fertilizers is relatively high. In addition to the addition of biological fungi that promote the decomposition and decomposition of organic materials during the rot process, to achieve the purpose of directional rot and deodorization, it is also added to the product Microorganisms with specific functions to enhance the effect of products. To produce this type of organic fertilizer, the first thing is to have the technology and ability to produce specific functional microorganisms. After crushing a variety of plant residues, select a compound fermentation microorganism that is basically consistent with the biological characteristics of the existing specific microorganisms. According to the characteristics of the compound fermentation microorganisms, the crushed plant residues are compounded and a certain amount of inorganic compounds are added to make a fermentation culture material. , Adopting trough stacking fermentation method, flat-ground stacking fermentation method, fermentation tank fermentation method, closed warehouse fermentation method or tower fermentation method, etc., the decayed material basically achieves the harmlessness of the product, which is beneficial to the addition of functional bacteria during the post-processing Survive. In the post-processing of fermentation materials, it is usually added with functional bacterial agents for compounding and shaping; the product dosage form is mainly powder, and there are also granulation techniques. Most of them use disc granulation, drum granulation or extrusion granulation. less. : Granular products overcome the shortcomings of poor appearance and low level of powder products, improve the product’s commerciality, but also increase the production cost of the enterprise and have a certain impact on the survival of effective bacteria.

The chicken manure dryer is suitable for large, medium and small chicken farms and areas where the breeding industry is relatively developed. According to the requirements of drying products, different heat sources can be used. Such as: gas producer, direct-heated hot air stove, indirect hot air stove, heat transfer oil, electric heating, steam, etc. This machine is suitable for chicken manure, duck manure, poultry manure, slaughtering waste, etc. with water content less than 65%. It has good effects on opening up feed resources, reducing feeding costs and reducing environmental pollution.

The organic fertilizer equipment of the small chicken manure dryer is mainly composed of a heat source, a feeding machine, a feeding machine, a rotary drum, a material crushing device, a discharging machine, an induced draft fan, a discharger and a power distribution cabinet; After the dehydrated wet material is added to the dryer, the material is evenly distributed in the dryer and fully contacted with hot air under the overturning of the uniformly distributed plate reader in the drum, which accelerates the heat and mass transfer of drying. During the drying process, the material is discharged to the star-shaped discharge valve at the other section of the dryer under the action of the inclined plate reading and the hot gas.

In the process of using the organic fertilizer equipment of the small chicken manure dryer, it is necessary to do a good job of maintenance. For example, in the long-term use of small chicken manure dryer, attention should be paid to:

1. At any time, carefully check whether the connections are firm and whether all parts are in good use. If any abnormality is found, timely notify the maintenance personnel for maintenance.

2. The hydraulic oil must be kept clean. The hydraulic oil should be replaced once when the new machine runs for the first week. When changing the oil, the used hydraulic oil in the oil tank and the oil cylinder should be drained and wiped clean. Continue to use it for one month and then replace it once every six months to ensure the normal use of the filter press.

3. The maintenance of the hydraulic system of the small chicken manure dryer is mainly the inspection and maintenance of the sealing of the hydraulic components and all interfaces.

4. The pull plate trolley, sprocket chain, bearing, piston rod and other parts shall be inspected regularly to keep the matching parts clean, with good lubrication performance and good operation instructions of hydraulic filter press to ensure flexible action. The synchronization of the pull plate trolley and the suspension of the chain shall be adjusted in time.

5. The sealing surface of the filter plate of the small chicken manure dryer should be checked frequently to ensure its smoothness and cleanness; Before compaction, the filter cloth shall be carefully checked to ensure that it is free from folding, damage and slag inclusion, and that it is flat and intact to ensure the filtering effect; At the same time, the filter cloth should be washed frequently to ensure the filtering performance of the filter cloth.

6. If it is not used for a long time, the filter plates should be cleaned and neatly placed on the frame of the filter press. Dry the filter cloth after cleaning; The exposed part of the piston rod and the integrated block shall be coated with grease.

The demand for fertilizer is increasing, and the country is now focusing on the development of organic agriculture. Therefore, opening an organic fertilizer equipment factory is a good project.

In terms of production scale alone, the small-scale organic fertilizer processing plant is based on an annual output of 10000 tons to 30000 tons, which is also the most selected production line scale for investors who are new to the industry. As a production line, it is not composed of single equipment or 2-3 equipment. The complete set of equipment is composed of many kinds of equipment. Their type selection, specification and quantity directly affect the final price of the production line. That is to say, the price of the production line with the same output is not the same, even very different. Under the same output, the powdery production line is much cheaper than the granular production line, but the corresponding powdery finished organic fertilizer is not as expensive and profitable as the granular organic fertilizer.

Cost input of organic fertilizer equipment:

In the production process of organic fertilizer, raw material costs, transportation costs, labor costs, packaging costs, etc. need to be considered. If we cooperate with the farm, the farm will invest in the construction of greenhouses and fermentation tanks on the original site where the farm’s excrement is stacked, and the organic fertilizer manufacturer will invest in the organic fertilizer equipment to treat the excrement, which not only solves the problem that the farm owner’s excrement can not be treated, but also saves a part of the costs of the organic fertilizer production investor. The cooperation between the two parties through investment or compensation trade will reduce the investment or production costs.

Considerations of organic fertilizer manufacturing process：

1. Determine the output of the organic fertilizer production line. For example, the number of tons produced per year, or the number of tons produced per hour, can determine the specifications of organic fertilizer production equipment.

2. Determine the shape of the particles. It is to choose what kind of granulator: powder, column, flat ball or standard garden. Commonly used granulation organic fertilizer equipment are: disc granulator, drum granulator, wet granulator, counter-roller extrusion granulator, flat die granulator, and ring film granulator. The selection of fertilizer granulator machine should be determined according to the preferences of the local fertilizer sales market. The particle shape is different, the production process of organic fertilizer is also different, and the price of organic fertilizer equipment is also different.


 

3. Determine the configuration level of the organic fertilizer equipment. The level of equipment configuration determines the price of the equipment, the amount of labor is different, and the ability of the equipment to operate stably is also different. Generally, those with high configuration should add some links, such as automatic batching device, automatic packaging device, automatic quantitative feeding device, cyclone dust removal and water dust removal.

4. Determine the type of fertilizer produced. It is a compound fertilizer equipment or an organic fertilizer equipment. For the same output, the organic fertilizer equipment generally takes into account the high moisture content and the strains are not resistant to high temperature. The model is generally larger than the compound fertilizer model. There are 4 types of general organic fertilizers, pure organic fertilizers, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, biological organic fertilizers, and compound microbial fertilizers. Different types of organic fertilizers have different equipment.

5. Selection of fermentation turning and throwing machine: The general fermentation forms are: strip-stack fermentation, shallow-cao fermentation, deep-tank fermentation, tower fermentation and rotary drum fermentation. . Generally, it is more suitable to use shallow slot stacker. The advantages of the shallow tank stacker: it is more in line with the principle of aerobic fermentation, it is not easy to form anaerobic, the fermentation is full and complete, and the fermentation speed is fast.

6. Determining the level of environmental protection requirements: Where environmental protection requirements are low, heavy dedusting is generally sufficient, and investment in organic fertilizer equipment is low; where environmental protection requirements are high, heavy dedusting and water and ink dedusting are generally selected to meet national air emission quality standards.

The organic fertilizer manufacturing process for crop straw and animal manure usually consists of pre-treatment, main fermentation, post-fermentation, post-treatment, compounding and other processes.

 
1. Pre-treatment

The main task is to remove non-fermented foreign matters such as sludge, metals, batteries, etc. in plant residues, crush plant residues, and adjust moisture and C / N value. Reasons for removing non-fermentation foreign bodies: reducing the volume of the fermentation chamber; removing the materials that affect the fermentation, such as metals and batteries, and reducing the chance of heavy metal pollution; removing the hard-to-crush materials such as plastic ropes, which is conducive to subsequent crushing and stirring Reasons for crushing to adjust the size of plant residues: usually crushing makes the moisture of the raw materials uniform to a certain extent, increases the specific surface area of ??the material, increases the area where the material contacts the microorganisms, 2 high 30 solution speed. Theoretically speaking, the finer the material, the better, but in order to ensure a certain gap of the material to ventilate to obtain oxygen, the range of 2 to 30 mm is generally better.

2. Main fermentation

It can be carried out in the open air or in the fermentation device, and oxygen can be supplied to the accumulation layer or the fermentation device by turning the pile or forced ventilation. The first is the decomposition of easily decomposable substances such as sugar and protein, producing CO2 and H20, and at the same time generating heat, which raises the fermentation temperature. In the initial stage of fermentation, the decomposition and fermentation of the substance relies on mesophilic bacteria (30-40 ℃ is the most suitable growth temperature). As the fermentation temperature rises, the high-temperature bacteria with the most suitable temperature of 45-65 ℃ replace the mesophilic bacteria. Various pathogens, insect eggs and weed seeds are killed. Generally, the period from when the temperature rises to when it starts to decrease is called the main fermentation stage, which is 3 to 10 days.

3. Post-processing

In the material after two fermentations, almost all of the organic matter has become finely crushed and deformed, and the amount has been reduced. Once again, a sorting process is performed to remove debris such as plastic, glass, ceramics, metal, small stones, etc. broken.

4. Deodorize

Some fermented products have an odor after the fermentation is finished, and deodorization treatment is necessary. Methods include chemical deodorant deodorization, alkali water and aqueous solution filtration, activated carbon, zeolite, special soil, etc. as adsorbent filtration.

5. Compound

According to the product formula requirements and the nutrient content of the material after fermentation, urea, phosphate fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer are added to the fermentation material to produce an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, or microorganisms with specific functions are added to produce a biological organic fertilizer.

6. Inspection, packaging, storage

Test and analyze whether the nutrient content, maturity, moisture content, heavy metal content, pathogen content, organic matter content and other indicators meet the product requirements. Weighing, packaging and storage after meeting the requirements.

Pig manure is a high-quality organic fertilizer processing material. How much pig manure can produce one ton of organic fertilizer depends on the water content in pig manure and the production method of pig manure organic fertilizer. The raw materials for processing pig manure and organic fertilizer in the organic fertilizer equipment processing plant are mostly purchased from the pig farm. The pig farm cleans up a large amount of pig manure, and generally uses water to flush the manure or a manure cleaner to clean the pig manure.

Cleaning up pig dung with water will lead to more water content in pig dung, and the water content will not increase with the dung cleaner. If the water content in pig dung reaches 50% – 60%, then about 2.5 tons of pig dung can produce one ton of finished organic fertilizer. The method to determine the water content in pig dung: knead it into a ball without dripping water, loosen it and disperse it, and loosen it with cracks. In this state, the following process steps can be performed.

Organic fertilizer equipment pig manure fermentation organic fertilizer method:

Prepare pig manure, straw and starter, and simply crush the straw. Then, mix the pig manure, straw and starter together, and use a mixer to fully stir evenly. The mixed pig dung is piled up, and the tank type tipping machine is used for tipping fermentation. Generally, it needs to be flipped once in the third and fourth days of fermentation. When the odor of the compost pile becomes small, grayish brown, covered with white hypha, and becomes loose, the pig manure organic fertilizer is successfully fermented.